Poolesville is a town in the western portion of Montgomery County, Maryland, United States. The population was 4,883 at the 2010 United States Census. It is surrounded by (but is technically not part of) the Montgomery County Agricultural Reserve, and is considered a distant bedroom community for commuters to Washington, D.C.

The name of the town comes from the brothers John Poole, Sr. and Joseph Poole, Sr. who owned land in what is now Poolesville. Due to an historical anomaly, until 2010 the legal name of the town was “The Commissioners of Poolesville”. Residents overwhelmingly voted to formally change the name to “The Town of Poolesville” in the November 2010 general election.